1. Number of sperms: There should be minimum 39000000 sperms in one ejaculation, if it is less than that, the chances of pregnancy are less.
2. Normal range of sperm count: The normal range of sperm count is 1.5 crore to 2 crore per ml of a male semen. If the sperm count is less than 3.9 crores per ejaculate then it is considered as low sperm count. In male infertility cases, this is considered as one of the major factors.
3. Sperm count required for pregnancy: To make a woman pregnant the sperm count should not be less than 3.9 crores. If less than this number it is called as low sperm count. Most likely the men with low sperm count will not be able to make a woman pregnant.
4. Health of sperms:  Out of total sperms, 40% should be very fast swimmers, so that they reach the egg of woman very early. Please note that the age of egg at the time of ovulation is 24 hours means only one day and the day of ovulation is approximately 10th day after manstrual bleeding stops. Age of a sperm is approximately 72 hours. So the sperms must reach the egg very fast otherwise the egg will die.
5. Shape of sperm: Head of sperm cell should be round in shape and tail should be long and strong
6. Production of sperms in 24 hours: A normal male body produces around 1500 sperms per second. Our body is capable of producing billions of sperms everyday during the period of spermatogenesis. We ejaculate about 3.9 crore sperm at one time.

Male infertility: It is caused by multiple factors like:

1. Low sperm count
2. Sperm Disability
3. Some underlying disease like diabetes
4. Genetic abnormality

Causes of low sperm count:

1. Smoking
2. Excessive alcohol consumption
3. Drugs or allopathic medicines on long term use
4. Genetic disorder
5. Diseases like diabetes

Sperm count check at home: Some people feel that if they could check the sperm count at home that would have better. But it is not so, sperm count test in a lab is done on so many parameters like:

3. Number of sperms per milliliter of semen – should not be less than 3.9 crore in one ejeculation
4. Motility of Sperms – they must be very good swimmers
5. Shape of Sperms – they should have a round head and long healthy tail
6. Watery semen indicates low sperm count. This can also happen if a person indulge into sexual activity multiple times in a day. So avoid sex for a few days and things could be better.

Natural ways to increase the sperm count:

1. Good sleep and exercise– It has been observed that people who sleep well between 7-8 hours have a better sperm count. Light exercise and brisk walk are not only important for keeping the body fit but also increases the production of Testosterone. Testosterone is a male hormone which is responsible for the production and nourishment of sperms.
2. Smoking: Many studies show that men who smoke have a low sperm count. So quit smoking to boost the sperm count.
3. Alcohol: Excessive consumption of alcohol affects our nervous system and decreases production of sperms. Normal intake of alcohol should not be more than 60ml. So the males who drink excessively are reported to have low sperm count.
4. Drugs and medicines: Certain drugs like antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, psychotropic, mood alleviators, anti tubercular drugs affect the production of sperms. So to boost sperm count, avoid long term use of these drugs if possible.
5. Healthy food: Fruits and vegetables in raw form contain a lot of antioxidants which are very necessary for maintaining a normal sperm count. Dry fruits, methi or fenugreek, Ashwagandha, shilajit, vidharikand, talamkhana are very useful in increasing the sperm count.

Fruits like banana, oranges, kiwi, pomegranate, guava, pumpkin are very helpful in boosting the sperm count.

6. Papaya should not be taken in excess as it will harm your sperm count level.
7. Apples are recommended for increasing sperm count.
8. Kaju or casheo nuts are very useful for boosting sperm count.
9. Paneer is good choice for vegetarians for improving the sperm count and motility due to presence of Zinc in it.
10. Low fat milk or skimmed milk is beneficial for sperm health
11. Walnut, casheo nuts, almonds are recommended for increasing the sperm count
12. 50-60 gms of almonds can boost sperm production and motility of sperms
13. Walnuts are the best dry fruit for low sperm count as they are rich source of antioxidants, mineral and other nutrients.
14. Curd or other full fat dairy products are not recommended as they lowers the testosterone level and thereby lower the sperm count as well.
15. For motility, count and morphology of sperm, vitamin c plays a very important role, orange and pomegranate juices are ful of vitamin c, so very useful in low sperm count.
16. Desi pure ghee in hot milk or daal sabji gives strength to sperms and helps their nourishment. In Ayurveda ghee is termed as superfood.